
More Than a Game: How Sports Support Neurodivergent Students
July 23, 2026
Beyond Backpacks: Getting Ready to Start a New School Year
The start of a new school year brings fresh notebooks, new teachers, changing schedules, and plenty to remember. For students with learning differences, adjusting to these new expectations can take extra energy. Strengthening executive functioning skills can help students manage that transition back into the classroom and navigate the many moving parts of new school routines.

What Is Executive Functioning?
Executive functioning refers to the mental skills we use to manage everyday tasks. These skills help us plan, organize, remember information, manage time, control emotions, and adjust when something does not go as expected.
Think of executive functioning as the brain’s management system, like an orchestra conductor. Our brains’ frontal lobes manage the skills known as Executive Functions. The frontal lobes work like the conductor of an orchestra, who keeps all the musicians playing together harmoniously. Students activate the frontal lobes when they follow routines, remember directions, begin assignments, move between activities, and manage materials and deadlines.
For some students, especially those with learning differences, these everyday tasks require more effort and support. A student may understand an assignment but struggle to begin it, or complete their homework but forget to turn it in. Such occurrences are not signs of laziness or a lack of ability. They often mean the student needs more established routines, meaningful strategies, and coaching to turn intentions into action.
Executive Functioning Skills in Action
Planning and prioritizing: Deciding what needs to be done, identifying the steps, and determining what should happen first.
Working memory: Holding information in mind long enough to use it, such as remembering multi-step directions or keeping track of ideas while writing.
Task initiation: Starting an assignment or responsibility without becoming stuck, distracted, or overwhelmed.
Organization: Keeping track of papers, supplies, deadlines, digital files, and personal belongings.
Time management: Estimating how long something will take and using time effectively.
Flexible thinking: Adjusting when a routine changes, a strategy does not work, or an unexpected challenge arises.
Emotional regulation: Managing frustration, disappointment, excitement, and stress in ways that allow learning to continue.
Students rely on their executive functioning skills throughout the day. Just as a conductor facilitates the harmonious play of different musicians, students must utilize their executive functions in order to successfully navigate the school day. Carelessness or lack of motivation may signal that a student needs prompting or support to better manage an activity. With this coaching, students will learn to better plan, organize, and complete tasks. As a result, schoolwork will feel more manageable, allowing confidence and independence to grow.
Simple Back-to-School Strategies
- Rebuild routines gradually
Begin moving toward school-year bedtimes, wake-up times, and morning routines several weeks before the first day. Practice packing a backpack, choosing clothes, and preparing lunch the night before. Establishing routines reduces the number of decisions students must make in the morning.
- Create organized spaces
Choose one place near the door for backpacks, shoes, lunchboxes, school devices, and other essentials. Gather homework supplies and keep them in a designated spot for homework.
- Make time visible
Calendars, timers, alarms, and visual schedules can make an abstract concept like time easier to understand. Encourage students to estimate and practice how long a task will take to complete. Be specific with time and offer midpoint check-ins. For example, after letting your child know you are leaving in ten minutes, check in after five minutes, explaining they have used half of their time. Avoid the countdown - it’s stressful!
- Break large tasks into smaller steps
“Finish your homework” may feel overwhelming. A more manageable sequence is to check the assignment list, choose one task, gather materials, work for 15 minutes, and take a short break. Completing one step creates momentum for the next.
- Use checklists
Checklists support independence, especially when students help create them. A checklist for getting ready in the morning, a homework routine, or an end-of-day routine can reduce repeated reminders. Over time, students will become more independent as the routines become more familiar.
- Build in down time
Moving directly from the school day into doing homework may be difficult. Time for a snack, movement, quiet time, or conversation can help students reset before beginning another demanding task. Again, establish a regular routine for completing homework and chores. Some students prefer to have down time and work after dinner. Others like to get homework completed before having free time.
- Reflect on strategies, not just results
At the end of the day, ask, “What went well today? What did you do to make that happen?” Also ask, “Is there anything you could try differently tomorrow?”
Starting the Year with Confidence
The first weeks of school are an adjustment. New teachers, schedules, expectations, and routines take time to feel familiar, especially for students with learning differences who often rely on extra structure and predictability.
Families can help by keeping expectations realistic and focusing on progress rather than perfection. A forgotten assignment or difficult morning does not mean a routine has failed; it reveals where another strategy, reminder, or small adjustment is needed. Executive functioning skills develop through practice over time. By celebrating small successes, encouraging students to reflect on what works, and gradually giving them more responsibility, families can help students begin the year feeling capable and supported.



